{"id":3650,"date":"2023-07-31T07:02:28","date_gmt":"2023-07-31T07:02:28","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.floridarehab.com\/?page_id=3650"},"modified":"2025-02-07T12:35:09","modified_gmt":"2025-02-07T12:35:09","slug":"addiction","status":"publish","type":"blog","link":"https:\/\/www.floridarehab.com\/drugs\/methylphenidate\/addiction\/","title":{"rendered":"Methylphenidate Addiction Signs, Symptoms &amp; Side Effects"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center has-large-font-size wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Methylphenidate is commonly used to treat ADHD, but it can also be addictive when used other than prescribed.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.floridarehab.com\/drugs\/methylphenidate\/\">Methylphenidate<\/a>\u00a0is a drug commonly used to treat\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.therecoveryvillage.com\/mental-health\/adhd\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)<\/a>. It works as a central nervous system stimulant, which increases the availability of neurotransmitters that help people focus and be more alert. When used at doses higher than prescribed, the effects on the brain can cause the person to have a feeling of euphoria. When a person craves the euphoric feeling and continually uses the drug in high amounts to achieve the euphoria, it can become addictive.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Methylphenidate Abuse and Addiction<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Methylphenidate misuse occurs when a person takes more of the medication than they were prescribed. Misuse also occurs when someone uses an alternative route (such as snorting or injection) to feel the effects of the drug faster. When injected through the vein, methylphenidate has been reported to have the&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC181133\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">same effects as cocaine<\/a>, and the effects are more sustained.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Methylphenidate addiction occurs when a person craves the euphoric feeling of the drug and uses it more and more often. As this happens, the drug will not have its effects as quickly or higher doses will be needed to achieve the same feeling of euphoria. When a person increasingly uses the drug at higher doses, they may become dependent on it. A person who depends on methylphenidate will not be able to function normally without it.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA) has categorized&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.deadiversion.usdoj.gov\/drug_chem_info\/methylphenidate.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">methylphenidate as a Schedule II drug<\/a>. This means it has a \u201chigh potential for abuse, which may lead to severe psychological or physical dependence.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Methylphenidate is&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC3168781\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">commonly misused by students<\/a>, who use its effects to study more efficiently. When someone uses methylphenidate without a prescription, it is considered misuse \u2014 even if they are not using it for the feeling of euphoria. Using methylphenidate when not prescribed puts&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.floridarehab.com\/resources\/teen-addiction\/\">teens<\/a>&nbsp;at an&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC1524735\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">increased risk for becoming addicted<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Effects of Methylphenidate Abuse and Addiction<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">When someone misuses methylphenidate, they run the risk of having side effects that a person taking the normal dose would not normally experience. Methylphenidate addiction effects can be short- or long-term.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Short-Term Effects<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Some of the short-term effects of methylphenidate include:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Excitation<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Facial flushing<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Excessive repetition of meaningless tasks (perseveration)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The sensation of bugs crawling under the skin (formication)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Long-Term Effects<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Long-term effects associated with methylphenidate use include:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Becoming delusional<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Developing an unrealistic sense of superiority<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Having hallucinations<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Becoming manic (feeling overwhelmingly happy and energetic)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Feeling paranoid<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Having suicidal thoughts<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Becoming violent<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Signs and Symptoms of Methylphenidate Addiction<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Methylphenidate addiction can be a serious threat to someone\u2019s health. There are&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC181133\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">psychological signs<\/a>&nbsp;that may occur with extended use of methylphenidate, where a person\u2019s personality and demeanor change. The behavioral signs of addiction are related to the drug use. Finally, physical signs may appear and cause changes to the body and how it functions.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Psychological signs<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Psychological signs&nbsp;of methylphenidate addiction include:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Hallucinations<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Thoughts of suicide<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Agitation and&nbsp;<a href=\"\/co-occurring-disorders\/anxiety-disorders\/\">anxiety<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>General nervousness<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Social withdrawal<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Behavioral Signs<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Behavioral signs seen with methylphenidate addiction include:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Consistently using methylphenidate and not feeling normal without it<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Using increasing amounts of methylphenidate<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Resorting to alternative methods of taking the drug, such as snorting or injecting it<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Making the drug a priority above other responsibilities<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Getting into risky situations in order to get the drug<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Physical Signs<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Physical signs of methylphenidate addiction include:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Abnormal movements<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Dilated pupils<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Chest pain<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Difficulty breathing<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Dizziness<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Altered sex drive<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Headaches<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Nausea<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Vomiting<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Gastrointestinal distress<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Mixing Methylphenidate and Other Substances<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Caution should be taken when mixing methylphenidate with other substances, as it has several&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.accessdata.fda.gov\/drugsatfda_docs\/label\/2013\/010187s077lbl.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">unwanted interactions<\/a>. When prescribed normally, a physician will inform you of the risks associated with mixing methylphenidate with other medication. Methylphenidate can have serious interactions with MAOIs (monoamine oxidase inhibitors), which are used to treat&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.floridarehab.com\/co-occurring-disorders\/depression\/\">depression<\/a>. It also should not be taken with&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.floridarehab.com\/alcohol\/addiction\/\">alcohol<\/a>, as this can be toxic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Potential Co-Occurring Disorders<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A person who has a substance use disorder may be at an increased risk for developing an addiction to other substances. Studies have shown that people who are addicted to other substances&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/journals.lww.com\/journaladdictionmedicine\/Fulltext\/2015\/05000\/Prevalent_Intravenous_Abuse_of_Methylphenidate.4.aspx\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">also tend to misuse methylphenidate<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">If a person is diagnosed with a&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.floridarehab.com\/co-occurring-disorders\/\">mental health disorder<\/a>, such as anxiety, depression,&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.floridarehab.com\/co-occurring-disorders\/psychosis\/\">psychosis<\/a>&nbsp;or&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.floridarehab.com\/co-occurring-disorders\/bipolar-disorder\/\">bipolar disorder<\/a>, using methylphenidate can&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.accessdata.fda.gov\/drugsatfda_docs\/label\/2013\/010187s077lbl.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">make these conditions worse<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Methylphenidate Addiction Statistics<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">With the increase in prescriptions of methylphenidate to treat ADHD in recent years, there has been an&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC181133\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">increased availability of the drug<\/a>. This is believed to have contributed to an increase in misuse of methylphenidate and methylphenidate addiction.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In 2017,&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.samhsa.gov\/data\/sites\/default\/files\/cbhsq-reports\/NSDUHFFR2017\/NSDUHFFR2017.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">0.5% of adolescents<\/a>&nbsp;(aged 12 to 17) and&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.samhsa.gov\/data\/sites\/default\/files\/cbhsq-reports\/NSDUHFFR2017\/NSDUHFFR2017.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">0.5% of adults<\/a>&nbsp;(aged 26 and older) were currently misusing psychostimulants, such as methylphenidate. In&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.floridarehab.com\/resources\/college-students\/\">young adults<\/a>&nbsp;(aged 18 to 25),&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.samhsa.gov\/data\/sites\/default\/files\/cbhsq-reports\/NSDUHFFR2017\/NSDUHFFR2017.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">2.1%<\/a>&nbsp;had misused psychostimulants within the past 30 days.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">When a person is addicted to a substance and continues to use more to get its effects, overdose can occur. This can happen with methylphenidate and psychostimulants in general. In 2017,&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/mmwr\/volumes\/68\/wr\/mm6817a3.htm?s_cid=mm6817a3_w\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">14% of drug overdose deaths involved psychostimulants<\/a>, which was a total of 10,333 deaths. This was a 37% increase from the number of psychostimulant overdose deaths in 2016. About half of these deaths also involved&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.floridarehab.com\/drugs\/opioids\/addiction\/\">opioids<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Getting Help for Addiction<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The Recovery Village Palm Beach at Baptist Health offers comprehensive&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.floridarehab.com\/treatment\/\">treatment plans<\/a>&nbsp;for individuals who are dealing with substance use disorders. If you or a loved one has a substance use disorder, such as an addiction to methylphenidate, The Recovery Village Palm Beach at Baptist Health can help.&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.floridarehab.com\/contact-us\/\">Contact us<\/a>&nbsp;today to speak with a representative and learn more about our treatment options.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Methylphenidate is commonly used to treat ADHD, but it can also be addictive when used other than prescribed. Methylphenidate\u00a0is a drug commonly used to treat\u00a0attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). It works as a central nervous system stimulant, which increases the availability of neurotransmitters that help people focus and be more alert. When used at doses higher [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":11105,"parent":3647,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false},"categories":[],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3650","blog","type-blog","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"acf":{"written_by":287,"enable_medically_and_up":["Yes"],"medically_reviewed_by":313,"medically_reviewed_content":"This article was reviewed by a medical professional to guarantee the delivery of accurate and up-to- date information. <a href=\"\/research\/\">View our research policy.<\/a>","up_to_date":"<i>Last Updated<\/i> - <b>07\/15\/2020<\/b>","page_first_published_date":"20200715","page_last_edit_date":"20200715","highlighted_description":"If you or a loved one is struggling with addiction, help is available. Speak with a Recovery Advocate by calling <a href=\"tel:8886480738\"><b>888-648-0738<\/b><\/a> now.","key_takeaways":"","source":{"source_label":"View Sources","source_content":"Morton, Alexander W.; Stockton, Gwendolyn G. \u201c<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC181133\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Methylphenidate Abuse and Psychiatric Side Effects<\/a>.\u201d Primary Care Companion to the Journal of Clinical Psychiatry, October 2000. Accessed July 25, 2019.\r\n\r\nDrug Enforcement Administration. \u201c<a href=\"https:\/\/www.deadiversion.usdoj.gov\/drug_chem_info\/methylphenidate.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Methylphenidate<\/a>.\u201d July 2019. Accessed July 25, 2019.\r\n\r\nArria, Amelia M.; Wish, Eric D. \u201c<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC3168781\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Nonmedical Use of Prescription Stimulants Among Students<\/a>.\u201d Pediatric Annals, August 2006. Accessed July 25, 2019.\r\n\r\nFood and Drug Administration. \u201c<a href=\"https:\/\/www.accessdata.fda.gov\/drugsatfda_docs\/label\/2013\/010187s077lbl.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Ritalin<\/a>.\u201d (n.d.). Accessed July 25, 2019.\r\n\r\nBjarnadottir, Gudrun D.; Haraldsson, Haraldur M.; Rafnar, Bjarni O.; Sigurdsson, Engilbert; Steingrimsson, Steinn; Johannsson, Magnus; Bragadottir, Helena; Magnusson, Andres. \u201c<a href=\"https:\/\/journals.lww.com\/journaladdictionmedicine\/Fulltext\/2015\/05000\/Prevalent_Intravenous_Abuse_of_Methylphenidate.4.aspx\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Prevalent Intravenous Abuse of Methylphenidate Among Treatment-Seeking Patients With Substance Abuse Disorders: A Descriptive Population-Based Study<\/a>.\u201d Addiction Medicine, June 2015. Accessed July 25, 2019.\r\n\r\nBose, Jonaki; Hedden, Sarra L.; Lipari, Rachel N.; Park-Lee, Eunice. \u201c<a href=\"https:\/\/www.samhsa.gov\/data\/sites\/default\/files\/cbhsq-reports\/NSDUHFFR2017\/NSDUHFFR2017.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Key Substance Use and Mental Health Indicators in the United States: Results from the 2017 National Survey on Drug Use and Health<\/a>.\u201d Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA), September 2018. Accessed July 25, 2019.\r\n\r\nKariisa, Mbabazi; Scholl, Lawrence; Wilson, Nana; Seth, Puja; Hoots, Brooke. \u201c<a href=\"https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/mmwr\/volumes\/68\/wr\/mm6817a3.htm?s_cid=mm6817a3_w\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Drug Overdose Deaths Involving Cocaine and Psychostimulants with Abuse Potential \u2014 United States, 2003\u20132017<\/a>.\u201d Center for Disease Control and Prevention, May 3, 2019. Accessed July 25, 2019."},"staff_member_heading":"Authorship","staff_member":[{"staff_member_title":"Editor","select_staff_member":287},{"staff_member_title":"Medical Reviewer","select_staff_member":313}],"insurance_label":""},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.floridarehab.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/blog\/3650","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.floridarehab.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/blog"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.floridarehab.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/blog"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.floridarehab.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.floridarehab.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3650"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.floridarehab.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/blog\/3650\/revisions"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.floridarehab.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/blog\/3647"}],"acf:post":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.floridarehab.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/staff\/313"},{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.floridarehab.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/staff\/287"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.floridarehab.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/11105"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.floridarehab.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3650"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.floridarehab.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3650"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.floridarehab.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3650"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}